Sponsored by Jobsora It's a new world order, and the way we live is changing faster than we could ever have imagined. Who could have foreseen that the businesses that will survive in the first quarter of 2020 will only be those with activities that can be carried out remotely? This is a change we never saw coming, and which many businesses were not prepared for. But the change is here, and it's only right that companies learn to adapt to the new trend. The tides have changed quickly in the labour market, and while some opportunities are disappearing, others are surfacing. Now, it's all about the issue of value. Those that are less valuable to their companies are losing their jobs. Some roles are vacant and need competent persons to take them up. These, amongst other trends, are what we will be looking at in this article, as the world is trying so hard to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. In the past month, a lot of countries suffering high casualty rates CoronaVirus. This led to a lockdown that changed the labour market as we know it. There is a reduction in the need for physical labour, and more for intellectual labour. This simply tells of one thing, the future we have been waiting for, is here. Effect of the Lockdown on Labor Market In a recent report, several millions of jobs are at risk if the lockdown continues for months. In fact, the study was specific to reporting that about a fifth of all workers are under threat. This is indicating to the fact that some sectors of the economy that are not regarded as essentials may hit rock bottom. The good news, however, is that several people are adapting their skillset and expertise to taking on new roles. While there is a drastic job loss in several wholesale, retail, hotel, restaurant and pubs businesses, the digital infrastructure of the world is fostering remote jobs. However, in spite of these shift in the way we work, the economy is still taking a hit. This is simply telling of the importance of the labour market. Your job is important to the growth and sustenance of the country. The crash in the labour market is synonymous to the crash in the economy, and this calls for real-time evolution in the way the labour market functions. For countries that are mainly driven by the labour market, the lockdown has resulted in the state stepping in to ease the pressure on families. But, there is only a limit to how long this can persist. The effect is currently detrimental on the labour market, which lays emphasis on the drastic change to the future of work. There is no telling that the section of the labour market faring efficiently in this period is the remote section of jobs. The world has changed, a new way of life, and doing business is emerging, startups are springing up, and companies are working entirely remotely. The labour market is fast-changing, and many don't seem to recognize this fact. This is a shift, and you, as a job seeker, need to be ready. Realities of Jobs during COVID-19 Pandemic The way we work has changed forever. Those that are not ready for this shift will be left behind, except they learn to adapt to the change. This change is happening in real-time, and very few are noticing it. Remote work is what are holding several companies together. While this change has not been easy so far, we keep learning ways to make things better. People are redoing their schedules to match up with the new conditions they have to work with. It started out being a difficult thing to pull through. However, time has helped workers with adjusting. The truth is, the skill set required to land a job at this moment is different from what used to be expected. Now, to be on the earning side, you need the basics of a computer, internet connection, smart devices, etc. You need soft skills, programming knowledge, writing knowledge. Most of these factors weren't necessary in the pre-Covid world. One thing is, however, sure, the Covid world and the post-Covid world requires these skills. The workflow of companies has been facilitated with the presence of emails, video conferencing platforms, chat rooms, amongst others. Several companies are resigning to the fact that they wouldn't be resuming back to work when the COVID-19 pandemic is over. If companies can work entirely remotely at this time, then there is no need to rent or have a physical space for meetings. The internet infrastructure over the year has developed to a level where it can facilitate these needs. Another major shift is the fact that the 8-hours work period will be obliterated. This is because workers are online all the time. Now, this may have a downside, in that it's easy to lose track of time apportioned to work. The onus will then lie on the worker to set up a system that fits in work, with family time, with personal time, leisure, etc. The boundary has to be set by the individual, as the traditional work time boundaries are no longer there. This makes it harder for workers to maintain a good quality of life, which means it's time to learn how to balance work with the usual way of life in whole different settings. What now is the Future of Work? In the past years, there have been many speculations about what the future of work will look like, how robots and other automated systems will replace people. These speculations went further to foresee a future of more collaborative teams, the need for emotional intelligence, amongst other factors that depict the need for smarter humans in the workplace. All these speculations and forecasts certainly didn't put the Covid-19 pandemic in perspective. A couple of months ago, no one would believe there can ever be a disease outbreak that will put the world on its knees and result in total lockdown. While many agreed that this is a revolution and the pieces of evidence are seen in the way we are currently doing work, and how others are planning to work post-covid, it is still left to be globally established; what would you need to work in the future. No matter how vague the future is right now, some factors and elements are bound to influence the way we work in the future. • Digital Transformation There is bound to be innovation and evolution in the way the internet fosters working. The science-fiction world we have always seen on TV is bound to come at us faster than we ever imagined. The digital transformation of the world is bound to be accelerated. Information will be available to anyone and everyone. This will result in getting jobs done faster, and with more flexibility. Also, due to the increased focus of the agenda, there is no need for extensive PowerPoint presentations, leading to a drastic reduction in the time spent meeting. • Drastic reduction in the number of middle managers and consultants Intermediaries and consultants have been an intrinsic part of the traditional way of working, for a long time. However, this is bound to change as we head forward into the future. There will be a reduced need for project managers, nor executive assistants, and the roles of managers will be gone. Rather than managers, more and more organizations will adopt 'leaders'. • Reduced Business Trips Business trips have always been a getaway from office work, but this is changing, as communication between potential partners, investors, and colleagues will be digital. Right from your living room, you can reach out to, communicate with, and win over the signature of investors and partners in other countries. This revolution is upon us. • Increased use of remote and freelance workers The gig economy has fared well so far. However, there is bound to be a surge in the number of people working from home. Companies will be looking to cut down on staff, in favour of hiring freelance workers when needed. Other than this, most full-time workers would also need to work from home. This is a new dawn for remote working. Final Take The change that is happening to the world is as visible as it can get, even the blind can see it. It is, however, pertinent that you prepare yourself for the future, no matter how uncertain it seems. You need to be familiar with digital skills and tools to survive in the future that is upon us. Once you have yourself skilled up and ready to take on a job, begin your search for remote jobs on Jobsora.

Rising sea levels are one of the results of global warming. As the atmospheric temperature of the Earth continues to increase, the polar ice continues to melt thus making the sea-level rise. Along with many others, a major impact of this is the increase in major flooding and erosion in low-lying, unprotected coastal land. A solution to protecting land from flooding and erosion is the implementation of coast defences. This involves the use of hard and soft engineering to mitigate the effects of the energy transfer that occurs between ocean waves and the land. Soft Engineering Solutions Some examples of soft engineering in coastal defence systems are beach nourishment, dune regeneration and cliff stabilisation. Beach Nourishment Beach nourishment is the process of manually adding truckloads of sand and shingle to the shoreline to either restore or create a beach. This man-made beach can be used not just as a tourist attraction, but as a technique in absorbing wave energy which reduces the impact of the ocean on the land resulting in less erosion. The benefits of this type of coastal defence are that it is commonly considered to improve the look and quality of the shoreline, therefore having a positive effect on the quality of life in the area. Beach nourishment can also be viewed as sustainable as it often involves the re-use of unwanted materials. The sand and shingle are often sourced from areas where it is unneeded and considered as waste. As an example, during the construction of the British Airways i360 on Brighton beach in the UK, 7200 tonnes of shingle and gravel were excavated to make room for structural foundations in the form of 4150 tonnes of reinforced concrete. The excavated material was then transported to another beach and used as a form of beach nourishment. The negative side of beach nourishment is that the procedure produces a high amount of CO2 emissions. Dependant on the size of the beach, many large vehicles are required to transport the shingle from other parts of the country. Due to long-shore drift, the new sand and shingle is moved along the coast and taken away from the proposed area. The life span of beach nourishment is between 1 and 10 years so the process must be performed regularly which makes this coastal defence strategy expensive and unsustainable. Dune Regeneration Dune regeneration is an alternative form of a soft engineered coastal defence. Dune regeneration involves creating or restoring sand dunes around the shoreline. The purpose of these dunes is to provide a barrier between the waves and society and to absorb wave energy. Vegetation is planted in the dunes to help stabilise the dune, also further increasing its ability to absorb wave energy. In order to allow these plants to grow without being disturbed by human activity, the dunes are sometimes temporarily fenced off, or wooden walkways are built over them so humans can avoid stepping on the sand. Similarly to beach nourishment, dune regeneration is accepted socially and environmentally as it often improves the sight of the coast while re-using unwanted materials. However, dune regeneration also provides extra vegetation which improves the sustainability of the coastal defence. The negative impacts of dune regeneration are also similar to that of beach nourishment as the transportation of materials produces CO2 emissions while also having a low life span. Hard Engineering Solutions Examples of hard engineering in coastal defence systems include the likes of sea walls, rock armour, groynes and cliff fixing. Sea Walls Sea walls are large, normally concrete, walls that protect either flat land from flooding or lower parts of cliffs from erosion. The job of a sea wall is to absorb the impact of waves and redirect the wave energy back into the sea. Sometimes sea walls are curved, this is to improve the ability of deflecting waves. A benefit of a sea wall is that they have a lifespan of around 30 to 50 years, meaning they can be considered as a long-term solution to minimise the erosion caused by rising sea levels. Sea walls can also have a secondary function; they can be used as public walkways. One example of this is Brighton’s long stretch of a sea wall that spans over 4 km from Brighton Marina to Saltdean. This sea wall is well used by the public for recreational activities such as walking, cycling and basketball whilst also being used for businesses such as small cafes which bring in tourism. A negative to a sea wall is that they are very expensive to build; £200,000 to £500,000 for 100m in length. So even though the sea wall has a long lifespan, the initial cost of construction is very high. Another debatable negative to a sea wall is that some people will argue that it will ruin the look of the area. However, there are also people that think the sea wall improves the look of the area, so this is not a strong point to make. Groynes Groynes are also a form of hard engineering in coastal defences. Groynes are fence-like structures that are built at right-angles to the shoreline leading into the sea. Their purpose is to break up waves and reduce the waves energy before they reach land therefore reducing erosion. Groynes are usually made from wood but over time, stone groynes are increasing in popularity. Stone groynes are more expensive however they are less prone to decay therefore having a longer lifespan. Groynes are also useful in trapping material being transported by long-shore drift. With this in mind, the combination of groynes and some form of soft engineering would be ideal as the groynes would preserve the beach materials therefore improving the beaches lifespan. The main disadvantage of groynes is that while protecting the local area, they also increase the erosion in areas further along the coast. As the groynes trap material, beaches further along the coast receive less material through long-shore drift resulting in bare land without a beach to absorb the impact of the waves. One example of this is Mappleton, Holderness Coast UK where the rate of retreat inland is between one and two metres every year. In order to protect an area of the coast, another part of the coast must be sacrificed which reduces the sustainability of the use of groynes. Summary Overall, the most sustainable form of coastal management against rising sea levels is a mixture of hard and soft engineering. Without taking expense into account, the combination of a seawall, stone groynes and beach nourishment seems the best solution. The seawall and the stone groynes already have a long life span due to their material and when combined with beach nourishment, the need to resupply the beach with new materials will not occur very often as the groynes help keep the shingle in place. If the cost is an issue, then wooden groynes would be more suitable, and the beach nourishment is not necessary, but the construction of a sea wall seems to be the best solution even though it is expensive. In general, a long term solution would be the ideal choice as it sustains the coast for future generations.

General Information Height to structural top: 192 m Lifts: 30 Floor area: 103,000 m2 (1,110,000 sq ft) Type: Office Tower Design/Structural Engineer: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP Location: Rondo ONZ 1, Warsaw, Poland 🇵🇱 website: https://rondo1.pl/en/about-building 👉 Visit Structures Insider's homepage for more stories.👈 The office complex consists of two buildings: A 40-storey glass tower (Building B) parallel to Aleja Jana Pawła II Avenue and the 10-storey Building A, with a matt opaque glass façade, along Świętokrzyska Street. Rondo 1 offers office and commercial space tailored to the highest standards. Premises for lease can be arranged in any manner to fully meet the needs of the most demanding tenants. The form of this 40-storey office tower was determined following an in-depth study of the emerging office market in Warsaw. By off-setting the elevator core, the plan has been able to accommodate both the open office arrangement preferred by many European and American financial tenants and the cellular office arrangement prevalent in Germany. The atrium separating the elevators from the body of the tower ensures the absolute security of the tenant spaces and provides for a breath-taking reception experience on each floor. You May Also Like: Mercury City Tower Mercury City Tower is 29m higher than the Shard in London, UK, making it the second tallest tower in Europe. The skyscrapers its copper-coloured cladding is what makes it unique. The building was originally designed to be surfaced in reflective silver glass in order to mirror the buildings surrounding but eventually came to be wrapped in equally reflective bronze-tinted glass. Read more... Unique award-winning architecture Rondo 1 was the first tall building in Europe to obtain the LEED® Gold environmental certificate for "Existing buildings". The LEED® certificate for "Existing buildings" involves ongoing verification of the building’s performance parameters and demands continuous performance improvements in order to meet the evolving and ever more stringent requirements of the certification system. Among other things, the process evaluates the sustainability of the location, efficient use of water and energy resources or the materials used. The LEED® Platinum certificate defines the building as a green structure - more energy-efficient, environmentally responsible and user-friendly. Rondo 1 is committed to sustainable development, maintaining green terraces, using environmentally-friendly cleaning products and promoting sustainability among its tenants. Sources: https://web.archive.org, https://rondo1.pl RECOMMENDED VIDEO FOR YOU

Every kind of business company or enterprise needs to have commercial property insurance, whether the company owns the building or they have just leased it from someone else. Commercial property insurances are basically used to cover any kind of commercial property, and these insurances protect the physical assets of the company from different financial damages such as fire accidents, theft, vandalism, explosions, burst pipes, storms, earthquakes, and other natural disasters, etc. Businesses that use millions or billions of dollars worth of equipment, commercial property insurances can be really expensive for them. Businesses can deduct the cost of the premiums of commercial property insurance as expenses. While determining the rate of how much a company will have to pay for commercial property insurance, the values of the assets of the business, the value of the building, etc., are the primary key factors. Before going for commercial property insurance, a company should have a statement of the value of all its physical assets that are located on the property. And this information about their assets will help them determine what should be the exact replacement value for them, and what level of coverage the business should have. Things That Are Covered By Commercial Property Business Every kind of property and asset that are essential parts of your business is usually covered in this insurance. Your building, everything in it, also the things that are just outside it are covered by the commercial property insurance. The covered items will include- ● Business Equipment ● Furniture ● Computers ● Landscaping and fences ● Important Documents ● Inventory ● Exterior Signs ● Other’s property Along with the mentioned items, other important assets will also get covered by the insurance, and you will need to make sure that they are covering everything per your expectations and needs. This is extremely crucial for filing commercial claims. Factors that Needed to be Considered While you are going for a commercial property insurance to insure the assets of your business, you need to consider some factors. As these factors will have huge effects on your insurance coverage and insurance premiums, you need to have a clear knowledge about them, and then you can know what’s coming your way while you are trying to have a commercial property insurance coverage. Knowing these factors will help you find the perfect policy based on your needs, and then you will know what kind of coverage you will get and how much your coverage will cost you. These factors are: Type of the Property Your property will have some unique needs, and you must choose an insurance policy that will take those needs into consideration. Your property building can be an apartment complex, office complex, shopfront, factory unit, or any form of recreational or leisure centre. You must know the defined boundaries of the property, so you can be sure of what responsibilities you will have in terms of securing your personal cover. Securing insurances can be an easy task while you are ensuring your apartments, office complexes, or townhouses. But if you are conducting your business from a more singular environment, like a factory, or a garage or shopfront, you will need to consider a fair bit more. The Business’s Nature What kind of business you will be operating within the property is needed to be considered. Your policy will differ based on the business type, on whatever small or large business you have. You will need to consider what assets regarding your business need to be protected and if you have any other concerns regarding the industry. Potential avenues for business litigation need to be in your mind too. You need to make certain that your policy covers all the potential or foreseeable concerns for your business, and you need to think about all the concerns before meeting the agency critically. For instance, if you are insuring a barbershop, you need to address everything that can disturb the cash flow, such as broken mirrors, plumbing issues, faulty lights, and chairs, etc. You will also need to keep in mind the possibility of an expansion in your business, as well as your business property. If your business is likely to face rapid growth, and if you expand the staff number and property, it will affect your insurance coverage, and you need to discuss this possibility with your insurance company beforehand. Location and Environmental Concerns You will always need to consider turbulent weather conditions while insuring your commercial property. You need to assess the local climate, tall trees around you, the average rainfall of the place, and other environmental issues before getting your policy, and make sure that your policy covers all these possibilities. Also, your geographic location can affect your coverage costs, as it depends a lot on your location how much you can get affected by certain problems. If your property is in a big city, it is likely that you will face more complex problems, and your coverage cost will go up. The Construction and Age of The Property The way your building and other landscapes of the property were constructed, the purposes they serve, how long ago they were constructed, etc. info will have a huge impact on your insurance coverage policy. Your cost and policy will change based on those. If your building is old and has the risk of facing asbestos exposure, you need to make sure that your policy covers that. Final Words Suppose you have a small or large business, and you want to insure your commercial property. In that case, you will need to make sure that you are properly aware of all the mentioned factors beforehand, as these factors will have a huge impact on the policy you get and the cost too. There are some other small factors, too, such as the amount of protection you have taken for fire safety, theft safety, etc.

by Lochan Yadav Gradient Any departure of track from the level is known as grade or gradient. An up or rising gradient is one when the track rises in the direction of movement whereas a falling or down gradient is one when the track falls in direction of the movement. Purpose of providing gradient: To provide a uniform rate of rise or fall to the track. To reduce the cost of earthwork. To reach different stations at different elevations etc. Types of gradient The gradient used on railway 🚂 track can be classified into four categories as follows: Ruling gradient Momentum gradient Pusher or helper gradient The gradient at station yards 1) Ruling gradient: The steepest gradient allowed on the track section. It determines the max load that the locomotive can haul that section. The steep gradient needs more powerful locomotives, smaller train loads, lower speed, resulting in costly hauling. As a rule rising gradients should be followed by falling gradients. With this arrangement, the amount of energy used up in climbing is saved in descending. In plains: 1 in 150 to 1 in 200 In hilly regions: 1 in 100 to 1 in 150 2) Momentum Gradient: The gradient on a section which is steeper than the ruling gradient acquires sufficient momentum to negotiate them are known as momentum gradient. For a momentum grade no obstacle like signal etc , Should be provided at critical points. 3) Pusher gradient: As stated above a ruling gradient limits the maximum weight of a train which can be hauled over the section by a locomotive. If the ruling gradient is so severe on a section that it needs the help of an extra engine to pull the same load then this gradient is known as the pusher of helper gradient. In Darjeeling Railways 1 in 37 pusher gradient is used on Western Ghat BG Track. 4) Gradient at stations: at stations gradient are provided sufficient low due to the following reason: To prevent movement of standing vehicles on the track due to the effect of gravity combined with a strong wind or gentle push etc. To prevent additional resistance due to grade on the starting vehicles which is about twice at the start than a vehicle in motion. On Indian Railways, the maximum gradient permitted is 1 in 400 in station yards while in station yards a gradient of 1 in 100 is recommended. 🌠Grade compensation on curves: If a curve is provided on a track with a ruling gradient, the resistance of the track will be increased. In order to avoid resistance beyond the allowable limits, the gradients are reduced on curves. The reduction in gradient is known as grade compensation for curves. The recommended values for grade compensation are as follows. BG track: 0.04% per degree of curve MG track: 0.03 % per degree of curve NG track: 0.02 % per degree of curve

Post from: Lochan Yadav What is Bituminous Road The bituminous road consists of their surface with bituminous materials which is also called as Asphalt. It is a sticky dark viscous liquid obtained from natural deposits like crude petroleum. Different Types of Bituminous Surfaces 1.Prime Coat : It is the first application of low viscosity liquid bituminous material over an existing porous surface like WBM base course. The main object of priming is to plug in the capillary voids of the porous surface using a low viscosity binding material. Mainly SC or MC cutbacks are the suitable grades chosen on the porosity of the surface. Functions : The most important function is to improve the adhesion between the existing previous base and wearing surface. To bind the dust and loose particles together to form a hard and tough surface. It provides a temporary seal to prevent the surface water from penetrating through the surface. 2.Tack Coat : The application of bituminous material over an existing impervious pavement surface which has already been treated by a prime coat. Tack coat is generally of higher viscosity at the rate of kg/10m2 depends on the type of surface. Functions: It is provided to improve the adequate bond between the existing impervious base and wearing surface. 3.Seal Coat: Seal coat is mainly applied on the impervious surface of bituminous pavements as a topcoat. A pre-mixed sand bitumen (hot mix) seal coat is commonly used over the premixed carpet. The main function of the seal coat is to seal against the ingress of water and to develop skid resistance texture. Functions: To provide a watertight surface. It improves visibility at night and develops a skid-resistant texture. To improve the wearing resistance of an existing road surface. 4.Surface Dressing : It is the process in which two or more coats of bituminous materials are applied to a prepared base. This coat consists of bituminous binders sprayed on which chipped aggregates are properly rolled. Functions : It prevents the removal of binding material & prevents the damage of road due to waterproofing effects. Roads can be easily cleaned & washed as it reduces dust nuisance. A smooth surface of the road reduces the wear and tear of tyres.

By: Brian Hval Why are US houses in hurricane risk areas not built to withstand them? I understand the argument about using local resources (timber vs brick) but why are do building codes not insist on stronger structures that can withstand strong winds? But codes do insist! Engineers constantly evaluate the need for building stronger and safer structures to resist hurricanes and other extreme wind events. But these structures also need to be economically practical. Past experience forms the foundation of all building codes. There are mandatory requirements for residential construction permits (and associated framing inspections). But codes change with time as more severe weather occurs or better construction methods evolve. A lot of lessons were learned from Hurricanes Andrew and more recently Maria. And building requirements updated accordingly! Jurisdictions have found that for a small percent increase in cost, homes can easily be made stronger. They are more likely to survive high wind events with little or no damage: Wind extremes such as hurricanes Earthquakes Fires such as wildfires The insurance industry has found small inexpensive changes in design details can greatly strengthen building structures. Stronger homes are more damage resistant. Less damage means smaller claims. Lower claims mean lower premiums. A big cost-benefit to the homeowner that quickly pays for the small cost of improving the structure. Some examples: Anchor bolts - spaced evenly around the house perimeter. These tie a wood frame securely to a concrete foundation. Hurricane clips - metal reinforced roof joists resist the roof peeling off during a wind event. Very simple structural shapes securely connect roof trusses to the framing of the building walls. Concrete or metal siding - dramatically increase fire resistance as opposed to wood which catches fire or even fire-resistant vinyl which melts! Metal roofing - improves both wind and fire resistance. In very windy areas the metal roofs are double screwed to prevent them from lifting off the plywood sheathing below. A good example of how building requirements change from lessons learned comes from the notorious violent winds which can sweep through the Crowsnest Pass in Alberta Canada. A few years ago a wind storm destroyed a trailer park. The wind rolled the trailers over and over until the entire community was piled up in a huge heap of tin. The loss was staggering even for those who were insured. This loss triggered a requirement for all mobile homes to be securely chained from the steel frame to a concrete slab poured beneath the home. None have blown away since. Building standards specify the minimum requirements. Homeowners may choose to exceed these standards. For some, this gives greater peace of mind and may well be worth the extra cost of building it stronger. But before building it better, check with your local building permit office to make sure they understand what you are trying to do. That way the inspectors and you will be on the same page. No one wants a surprise that may require you to make further costly changes to your dream castle! Author:Brian Hval

The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years. The list includes publicly held companies, along with privately held companies for which revenues are publicly available. The concept of the Fortune 500 was created by Edgar P. Smith, a Fortune editor, and the first list was published in 1955. Find below the most stunning and futuristic headquarters among the top 500 companies on the list of Fortune magazine. 👉 Visit Structures Insider's homepage for more stories.👈 ExxonMobil: Houston Campus Energy Centre ExxonMobil's state-of-the-art campus north of Houston serves as home to its Upstream, Downstream, Chemicals and XTO Energy companies and their associated service groups. The facility opened in 2014 and accommodates more than 10,000 employees and visitors. Apple: Apple Park Cupertino, California Nicknamed ‘the spaceship’ because of the scale of the circular building, it measures 1 mile in circumference, with a diameter of 461 m (1,512 ft). Designed by Norman Foster and engineered by ARUP it can accommodate 14,200 parking spaces and more than 12,000 staff Amazon: Amazon Spheres, Settle The latest addition to Amazon’s is the $4 billion Seattle headquarters. The Spheres, three conjoined glass bubbles that seem to have alighted among the downtown office towers, provide the company’s employees with their very own cloud forest. Five levels of unorthodox workspaces—from a treehouse meeting room, complete with bouncy bridge, to deck chair recliners that imply their own pool—climb through a lush green habitat of more than 40,000 plants, including two densely verdant living walls, a forty-foot-high Australian tree fern, and an 18-ton ficus named Rubi. Source: Architectural Record Drop us a question in Quora What is Quora?: Quora is a question-and-answer website where questions are asked, answered, and edited by Internet users, either factually, or in the form of opinions. AT&T: AT&T Tower (Minneapolis) Rising 33 stories and marking the downtown Minneapolis skyline, the AT&T Tower is the third and final phase of Ryan’s International Centre development. Featuring green and silver reflective glass, it is a dramatic complement to International Centre I and II, which reside next door. Elaborate atriums, skyways and three levels of heated underground parking intimately link the AT&T Tower with its companion towers. A sense of community and an effective master critical path schedule made it possible to complete this project a month ahead of schedule. With its high-quality assets and amenities, and sustainable, money-saving design features, AT&T Tower is an attractive building for both tenants and investors. Source: www.ryancompanies.com

Structure review Saint Isaac's Cathedral General Info 📚 Location: Saint Isaac's Square 4, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 🇷🇺 Style: Late Neoclassical, Byzantine and Greek Years of construction: 1818 to 1858, 40 years Construction cost: 1 000 000 gold rubles Total height: 101.52 m Entrance to the cathedral: 250 rubles (it’s free for children under 7 years old, while children and young people from 7 to 18 years old must pay 50 rubles). Design 🏗 It is the largest Orthodox cathedral in St. Petersburg – and the 4th largest in the world! (The tallest one is the People's Salvation Cathedral in Bucharest, Romania.) The temple has a volume of 260 000 m3 and dimensions of 111.3 m x 97.6 m. Designed and constructed by a French classicist architect Auguste de Montferrand. Emperor Nicholas, I personally oversaw its construction, showing the importance of this grand project. During the construction, Montferrand almost got killed (in November 1837), when the workers were lifting 64-ton dome columns to their full height. The architect fell from the scaffolds, but, luckily, nearby workers managed to catch him. The scaffolding was made by Spanish engineer Agustin de Betancourt and the works were extended until 1858. Auguste de Montferrand died just one month after the construction was completed. That was his last and, probably, the greatest creation... During the construction in 1818, to ensure that the cathedral's structure will not sink and collapse into the fenland of Saint Petersburg, 25,000 piles were driven to strengthen the foundations of the structure. The costs of the foundations rose to 2.5 million rubles, which at the time made the cathedral the most expensive temple in Europe. The cathedral's interior, on the other hand, was decorated with about 400kg of gold. History 📑 Under the Soviet government, the building was stripped of religious trappings. In 1931, it was turned into the Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism, the dove sculpture was removed, and replaced by a Foucault pendulum. In 1937, the museum was transformed into the museum of the cathedral that you visit nowadays. During World War II, the dome was painted over in grey to avoid attracting attention from enemy aircraft. On its top, in the skylight, a geodesical intersection point was placed, to determine the positions of German artillery batteries. SOURCE russiable , TravMedia

General Information ℹ️ Location: Batalha, Portugal, 🌎 39°39′33″N 8°49′34″W Architect: Afonso Domingues Style: Late gothic, Manueline architecture Construction Dates: 1386-1530 (completely finished in 1907) Batalha Monastery was to be the Portuguese monarchy's main building project for the next two centuries. Here a highly original, national Gothic style evolved, profoundly influenced by Manueline art, as demonstrated by its masterpiece, the Royal Cloister. King John, ordered the construction to begin in 1386 and it continued for more than 100 years until the 1530s when King John III decided to focus efforts on the construction of the Jeronimos Monastery, built to commemorate Portugal’s role during the Age of Discoveries. Left practically abandoned, it was then nearly ruined during the Napoleonic Wars of the 1800s. Only in 1840 did Portugal’s King Fernando II decide to restore and complete the monastery, which was finally finished in 1907. The Royal Cloister is cloister was not part of the original project. It was built under the architect Fernão de Évora between 1448 and 1477. Its sober outward appearance is in stark contrast with the Flamboyant Gothic style of the church Buy a Poster of the ROYAL CLOISTER on Amazon here Many architects had their hands in the design and structure of the Batalha Monastery and it is considered a precious Gothic treasure showcasing various styles. It is also one of the most significant examples of Manueline architecture, a Portuguese style developed during the Age of Discoveries. The Royal Cluster is one of the most prominent examples in the monastery of this latter style. "MOSTEIRO DA BATALHA floor plan. Portugal mapa - 1913 - old antique vintage map - printed map s of Portugal" RECCOMENDED VIDEO FOR YOU...

🏆 SI's STRUCTURE OF THE YEAR 2020 🏆 General Info📚 Location: Daxing, Beijing&Guangyang, Langfang(Hebei) 🇨🇳 Construction Period: 26 December 2014 - 25 September 2019 Total Passenger capacity: 3,138,000 🧍‍♂️🧍‍♂️ Airport Master Plan: NACO (Netherlands Airport Consultants) Architects: Zaha Hadid Architects 🇬🇧 & Planner ADPI 🇫🇷 Facade Designer: XinShan Curtainwall and Beijing Institute of Architectural Design Project cost: US$17 billion 💵 ‼️ Construction chief engineer: Guo Yanchi 👷🏻‍♂️ Building Area: 700.000m² Technologies implemented: The entire airport has 5G access and uses facial recognition technology for check-ins 👉 Visit Structures Insider's homepage for more stories.👈 As per AD : "The terminal layouts minimize the walking distances between check-in and gate, and also the distances between gates for transferring passengers, to a maximum of eight minutes by foot," says Cristiano Ceccato, ZHA's project director for the Beijing Daxing airport. A project to create the world’s largest airport terminal. A series of key technologies were proposed during the design to realise a fantastic architectural effect. These included a supporting system mainly composed of C-shaped columns, seismic-isolation system of a gigantic planar structure, and vibration control techniques for the high-speed railway passing through the terminal. The rooftop, which allows in ample natural sunlight, also has supporting beams that move constantly through space, acting like lines toward the central courtyard. This, once more, was intentionally done to assist passengers in their navigation of the busy airport. International and domestic passengers are stacked on different levels hence spreading the areas vertically making the airport more crowd efficient and enable a more congestion-free space for passengers. "Transferring passengers only need to walk a short distance to the center of the airport, then quickly and efficiently funnel themselves to any other of the four legs in the airport. How many runways does Daxing airport have? For the time being, Daxing Airport has four runways and 79 airport stands. The 4 runways’ size is impressive while the airport stands are suitable both for one twin-aisle and two single-aisle planes. Eventually, the airport will have 7 runways in total and will be able to serve about 620.000 flights annually. How much did the Daxing Airport Cost? Built-in less than five years at a cost of 120 billion yuan ($17 billion), the airport is roughly the size of 100 football fields. How big is Daxing airport? The gigantic Daxing airport, with the impressive shape which has given it the nickname “Starfish”, has enormous dimensions. There are currently 4 runways (with the prospect of becoming 7 in the future) and a vast terminal building covering a 700.000m² area while the ground transportation centre extends to 80.000m². Sources: daxing-pkx-airport.com, istructe.org, archdaily

General Info 📚 Location: Prague, 🇨🇿 Construction dates: 1992-1996 Architects: Croatian-Czech architect Vlado Milunić in cooperation with Canadian-American architect Frank Gehry on a vacant riverfront plot. Awards: The Dancing House won Time Magazine's design contest in 1997. The Dancing House was also named one of the 5 most important buildings in the 1990s by Architekt Magazine. For more stories visit Structure’s Insider HomePage Design 🏗 The inspirations for the design were the dancers Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, Astaire is represented by a concrete cylinder with pop-out windows topped with a bird’s nest-shaped mesh sculpture. Rogers is represented by a billowing glass structure that curves away from Astaire with spindly concrete legs fixed to the pavement. The "Dancing House" is set on a property of great historical significance. Its site was the location of a house destroyed by the U.S. bombing of Prague in 1945 The style is known as deconstructivist ("new-baroque" to the designers) architecture due to its unusual shape. The "dancing" shape is supported by 99 concrete panels, each a different shape and dimension. On the top of the building is a large twisted structure of metal nicknamed Mary'. The Ultimate tour guide for Prague Available to buy on Amazon for only £5.16 In the middle of a square of buildings from the eighteenth and nineteenth century, the Dancing House has two main parts. The first is a glass tower that narrows at half its height and is supported by carved pillars; the second runs parallel to the river and is characterized by undulating mouldings and unaligned windows. This design was driven mainly by aesthetic considerations: aligned windows would make evident that the building has two more floors, although it is the same height as the two adjacent nineteenth-century buildings. The windows have protruding frames, such as those of paintings, as the designer intended for them to have a three-dimensional effect. The winding mouldings on the façade also serve to confuse perspective and diminish contrast with the surrounding buildings. Drop us a question in Quora What is Quora?: Quora is a question-and-answer website where questions are asked, answered, and edited by Internet users, either factually, or in the form of opinions.